The flat surface articulates with the humerus. The head is rounded with a flat though little concave consistency. Significant milestones of the proximal radius possess the radial head, neck, and tuberosity. The arm’s humerus completes the forearm’s ulna and radius to make the hinge, while the radius and ulna articulate to form a pivot joint to permit forearm pronation and supination movement. The elbow is a synovial hinge joint constructed up of 3 articulations– the humeroulnar, humeroradial, & radioulnar. Fractures at the proximal radius position the radial head at a more raised threat for avascular necrosis (AVN). Proximal radial fractures are common when falling on an outstretched hand (FOOSH), which pushes the radius into the humerus, or direct hit to the elbow. This kind of fracture is very expected in adults. Radius fractures possess the proximal part of the radius, the neck, and the head. both the two bones and their articulations constitute the radioulnar and radiocarpal joints at the elbow and wrist, and vice versa. The radius communicates with the ulna, the 2nd bone in the forearm. The radius, situated in the lateral forearm, is the shorter of the two bones that form the forearm. Recovery depends on the severity of the fracture and the individual’s overall health. Treatment typically involves immobilization, pain management, and physical therapy, although more severe cases may require surgery. This type of injury is commonly caused by falls onto an outstretched arm or direct impact to the elbow. Medical Treatment of Proximal Radial Head FractureĪ proximal radial head fracture is a type of elbow fracture that occurs when the upper part of the radius bone in the forearm breaks near the elbow joint.Symptoms of Proximal Radial Head Fracture.What is a Proximal Radial Head Fracture?.Open fractures, fractures that cannot be repositioned during a closed reduction, and fractures that are accompanied by nerve or vascular injuries require open surgery or open reduction and internal fixation. The pins and cast are removed after healing has begun, a few weeks after surgery. A splint is applied to protect the area for the first week, then is typically replaced with a cast. The pins are inserted through the skin, into the bone and across the fracture. In this procedure, the displaced bone fragments are repositioned during closed reduction and held in place with metal pins. If the bone fragments are displaced, surgery may be required to ensure that the fracture heals fully.Ĭlosed reduction and percutaneous pinning. Your doctor may schedule additional x-rays to make sure the bones stay in place as they heal. Your child will be given some form of sedation or anesthesia for this procedure. In this procedure-called a closed reduction-your doctor gently moves the arm to manipulate the bones back into place. In some stable elbow fractures, the bones may need to be repositioned before applying a splint or cast. As swelling subsides, a full cast may replace the splint. In many cases, a splint is applied to a fresh injury first. Splints provide less support than casts however, they can be easily adjusted to accommodate swelling from injuries. If the fracture is stable with no displacement, your doctor may directly apply a splint or cast to keep the bones in proper alignment while they heal. Many stable fractures heal successfully with cast or splint immobilization. Treatment for elbow fractures depends on the type of fracture and the degree of displacement. For this reason, it is important that the fracture be treated correctly at the time of the initial injury. If an elbow fracture heals in the wrong position, the elbow may remain permanently crooked and have limited range of motion. An open fracture may involve damage to the muscles, tendons, and ligaments and take a longer time to heal. When a broken bone breaks through the skin, it is called an open fracture. If the dislocation is not recognized, and only the fracture is treated, it can lead to permanent impairment of elbow joint function. A fracture of the ulna associated with a dislocation of the top of the radius at the elbow is called a Monteggia fracture. Fractures of the tip (olecranon) of the ulna are rare.įracture dislocation. Because growth plates help determine the length and shape of the mature bone, a fracture that disrupts the growth plate can result in arrested growth and/or deformity if not treated promptly.įorearm. A fracture can occur at the top (head) of the radius bone, causing it to move out of place. The upper arm bone and both forearm bones have areas of cartilage called growth plates located near the end of the bone. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003. Reproduced and adapted from J Bernstein, ed: Musculoskeletal Medicine.
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